Unit I
Aims And Objectives Of Teaching
Computer Science
Computer Science: Meaning
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The science that deals with the theory and methods of processing
information in digital computers, the design of computer hardware and software,
and the applications of computers.
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The study of computers and how they can be used.
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The study of computation and computer technology, hardware, and software.
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The study of computers and their architecture, languages, and
applications, in all aspects, as well as the mathematical structures that
relate to computers and computation.
Computer
Science: Definitions
1.The
study of computing, programming, and computation in correspondence with
computer systems. This field of study utilizes theories on how computers work
to design, test, and analyze concepts. Computer science usually has a stronger
mathematical foundation than a scientific one and on some occasions may not
focus directly on computers and their systems.
2.The
study of computers, including both
hardware and software design. Computer science is composed of many broad
disciplines, including artificial intelligence and software engineering. Most
universities now offer bachelor, master, and doctorate degrees in computer
science.
3.Computer
science is the study of the theory, experimentation, and engineering that form
the basis for the design and use of computers. It is the scientific and
practical approach to computation and its applications and the systematic study
of the feasibility, structure, expression, and mechanization of the methodical
procedures (or algorithms) that underlie the acquisition, representation,
processing, storage, communication of, and access to information. An alternate,
more succinct definition of computer science is the study of automating
algorithmic processes that scale. A computer scientist specializes in the
theory of computation and the design of computational systems.
The
Nature of Computer Science
A
distinguishing characteristic of computer science is the enormous gap that
exists between the simple instruction sets of our computers and the complexity
of useful software. This dichotomy produces intellectual challenges of the
highest order. Today many important applications contains several million lines
of code, too many for one person to read in a year and impossible for one
person to fully understand. VLSI chips are now being manufactured containing
more than one hundred million transistors, again posing an almost impossible
problem for human comprehension.
The nature of computer science
During
the few decades that computer science has been identied as a separate
discipline, the question of the intellectual nature of the subject has
frequently been posed.
It is clear that there are
components of computer science that could be viewed as subfields of mathematics
or engineering. Indeed, competent work in theoretical computer science meets
rigorous mathematical standards, and competent work in applied computer science
meets the standards of good-quality engineering work (prototypes are built,
proof-of-concept projects are conducted, and results are evaluated on the basis
of their usefulness in practice). The open question is the extent to which the
remaining parts of computer science can be viewed as science. To study this
question is not necessarily to engage in sterile debate: it may be, for
example, that the field is not yet a science, but that it could become one, and
that certain policy changes could accelerate this process.
Computer
science is, or has the potential to be, a science similar in character to
physics and the other natural sciences. However, its traditions, in the areas
of experimentation and formulation of theories, may delay its acceptance and
inhibit its development (as a science).
SCOPE
OF COMPUTER
Certain characteristics of computer interaction can
make computers well suited for distance learning. The features listed below the
prospect of the computer use look more promising:
1)Access to expert and respected peers.
2)One to One and much communication.
3)Active learner participations.
4)Linking of new learning to concrete on the job
problems.
5)Follow up, feedback and implementation support
from pears or experts.
6)Self direction control over stop or start, time,
pace and place of learning or communication activity.
USES
OF A COMPUTER
A
computer is used in all human life. It has revolutionized all phases of human
activities. The most important have been given as follows:-
1)Routine
job handling :
the routine classical and stenotype jobs calculating
and formality bits, salaries, updating stocks, tax return, reservation records
and information.
2)Traffic
control:
Controlling traffic, traffic lights. Television
cameras are used to maintain traffic light routine.
3)Electronic
money:
Automic tellers machine (ATM) is very common in
banks. You can deposit and withdraw money with the ATM.
4)Electronic
office:
All type information are stored, manipulated and
utilized in the electronic form. A document is sent to different place with
FAX, internet and e-mail.
5)Industrial
Application:
It plays an important role in production control. It
is bringing efficiency it trade and industry.
6)Telephones:
With help computerized telephone through satellites
STD and IST services have been introduced. It maintains the record of calls and
does the billing for you.
7)Trade:
Every type of trade computer is used successfully.
It is used in Banks, stock exchanges to control stocks and accounts.
8)Scientific
research:In every
science, the research work becomes economical from time, energy, money point of
new. A large data is analyzed very quickly.
9)Medicine:
There is wide use in medical science e. g. ECG, CAT
scan, Ultra sound. The proper and accounts diagnosis is done with the help of
computer. The medical apparatus are controlling computerized.
10)Space
Science:
The satellite controlling I the space with the help
of computer. The information’s are collected by using the computer from the
space satellite.
11)Publication:,The composing work is done speedily and economical
with the help of computer. The designing work is also done by computer. The
quality is maintained is publication by computer.
12)Communications:
The computer is used for sending message example
printer, FAX, e-mail, Internet. The import and export work is done on internet.
13)Film
industry:
It had influenced film industry such as animation;
titeling etc.The multimedia approach is used in film production with the help
of computer. The cartoon films are developed by computers.
14)Education:
The computer is widely used in the field of
education and independent study field of computer science has developed which
is popular these days. At every stage computer is compulsory. The distance
education is using computer for instructional purpose as multimedia approach.
The computer makes teacher learning process effecting by involving audio and
visual sense of learners.
AIMS
AND VALUES OF TEACHING COMPUTER SCIENCE
One cannot teach the subject unless he is very clear
about the aims and values of teaching that particular subject. The aims are
considered as the final goal. They are the final product which we attain after
having gone through the objectives and the out come of which is known as value.
Objectives are the guiding steps and only through which one can attain this aim
or final goal. Objectives are measurable. They are the basis through which the
long term product the aim can be reached.
AT
THE PRIMARY SCHOOL LEVEL
The following
are some of the chief aims and objectives of teaching basic computer science at
the primary level. They are
(i) Arousing and maintaining interest
(ii) Developing the habits of observations
exploration, classification and a systematic way of thinking
(iii) Developing the child’s power of manipulation
and so on.
AIMS
AND OBJECTIVES AT THE MIDDLE STAGE
In addition
to the above, the following aims and objectives should be included at the
middle school stage:
(1) Developing the ability to reach generalizations
and to apply them for solving everyday problems.
(ii) Understanding the Impact of computer science on
our way of life.
(iii) Developing interest in hobbies related to
computer’s their generations and so on.
AIMS
AND OBJECTIVES AT THE HIGHER SECONDARY STAGE
(I) To
familiarize the pupil with the world in which he is living and to make him
understand the Impact of computer science on society so as to enable him to
adjust himself to the environments.
(ii) To develop scientific attitude which Includes
(a) A desire for accurate knowledge, (b) Belief in cause and effect (c)
Critical thinking (d) intellectual honesty open mindedness and so on.
(iii) To give the students a historical
perspectives, so that they may understand the evolution of computers and
development in computers etc.
NEED
AND SIGNIFICANCE OF TEACHING COMPUTER SCIENCE
Technology
has struggled to find its way into the classroom in all sorts of ways, from
projectors and televisions to computer labs and student laptops. Along with
improving the way students are taught, it is also vitally important that
students learn to use computers to improve their own work and prepare for
careers in a world where computers have become as common as the pencil and
paper.
Modernizing
Education
Education has benefited from the inclusion of
technology and computers by making it easier for students to keep up while
helping teachers by improving the way lessons can be planned and taught.
Students who use computers learn to use word processors for work, and
subsequently they learn computer jargon and strengthen grammatical skills. Students
can also look up lessons on websites or through email rather than lugging heavy
textbooks with them every day.
Improving
Student Performance
Students who use computers have been shown to attend
school more steadily and perform better than students who do not use computers.
Along with getting higher grades on exams, students also stated they felt more
involved with their lessons and work if they used a computer. Using computers
gets students to become more focused on their work at home, in collaborative
projects with other students and on their own.
Learning
Job Skills
Computers play a vital role in the modern business
world, and many of even the most basic jobs involve technology and computers.
Teaching students how to use computers helps them prepare for any number of
possible careers, and classes based on computer education can get even more
specific. Many classes teach students to use office suite programs, create
presentations and data sheets, and learn any number of programming languages
such as C++ or Java.
Efficiency
Computers make the learning process a lot more
simple and efficient, giving students access to tools and methods of
communication unavailable offline. For example, students can check their grades
or lesson plans online, and also communicate directly with their teachers via
email or educational platforms such as Blackboard. Students can also send work
to their teachers from home or anywhere else, letting them finish work outside
the constraints of school hours and teaching them about procrastination and
personal responsibility.
Research
Technology has made research far easier than in the
past. Decades ago, students learned history by going to the library and
thumbing through history books and encyclopedias. Today, many of those same
books are available in digital format and can be accessed online. As the
Internet has grown, so too has the available research options. Students can
research topics in minutes rather than the hours it used to take.
VALUES
OF TEACHING COMPUTER SCIENCE
The real
importance of the subject in our modern life can be quite obvious from Its
chief values which are described below.
Practical
Value
Utilization
of the various facts drawn from the study of computer science in modern life
has revolutionized our life. To day we cannot find even a single thing which is
left untouched by the hands of computer. Uses of computers in transportation
and communication have shortened the world.In short, computers have become a
part and parcel of our life and without them, it is impossible for us to keep
ourselves alive in the modern world.
Social
Value
Computers have
achieved the best place in the society as well. They form the
foundations of so many
professions like medicine, Engineers etc. Computers are highly helpful to the
society. Lots and lots of social changes have taken place after the
introduction computers. The study of computer science develops in us honesty,
truthfulness and critical reasoning, objective thinking and a belief in basic
facts.
Disciplinary Value
The learning of computer science involves some
scientific disciplines and scientific attitudes which are transferable to our
later life also. It involves self-expression, creativeness open mindedness,
critical thinking and observation suspended judgment which are free from superstitious and false
beliefs etc. These good habits if they are once developed in a child can prove
beneficial for his later life also.
Cultural
Value
The role of
computers in the development of modem civilization can be quite
obvious just by our
comparison with our ancestors. Our present culture and advancement in our
standard of living gives a clear cut picture of our cultural development and
role of computers in this field for removing old traditional beliefs and
superstitions. Computers has proved itself as In best helper in overhauling the
consciousness of the universe. So at the
end, from the above mentioned values of computer science, we come to this
conclusion that computer science has achieved a most important place in our
daily life as well as in the modern establishment of the whole world.
Thanks for sharing this informative post.
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